The book analyses the achievements, but also the shortcomings of the Nagoya Protocol in light of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Although the loss of biodiversity has not been slowed down with the entry into force of the CBD nor the Nagoya Protocol, certain approaches and aspects should still be considered a step in the right direction. Suggestions are made as to what needs to be changed for all other aspects to improve the protection of biodiversity. If the world continues to lose biodiversity at the current speed, the future of humanity is at stake.