This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Advances in Brain Inspired Cognitive Systems, BICS 2018, held in Xi’an, China, in July 2018.

The 83 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 137 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: neural computation; biologically inspired systems; image recognition: detection, tracking and classification; data analysis and natural language processing; and applications.