Although the Minoan site of Koumasa in southern Crete has played a prominent role in research for over a century, its topographical and regional significance has been less extensively studied. The analysis of the topography in and around Koumasa provides both a foundation for future contextual studies and a holistic, diachronic perspective on the networks in the Central Messara and the Asterousia region, at whose transition Koumasa is situated. The innovative application of GIS methods, combined with field surveys, yields new insights both into methodology and the significance of Koumasa during the Minoan period and its subsequent gradual decline.